Complete Guide to Pallippuram Fort History Mythology Trekking Tips and Travel Guide
Prabhuling jiroli
Located in Vypin Island, Ernakulam district, Pallippuram Fort is the oldest surviving European fort in India, built by the Portuguese in 1503. It is also known as Ayikkotta Fort. The fort stands as a testament to Kerala’s colonial past, with its hexagonal structure and strategic location. Pallippuram Fort holds immense historical and cultural significance, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and tourists alike. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the history, mythology, current status, travel tips, and what to do and not do during your visit to Pallippuram Fort.
History of Pallippuram Fort
Construction and Purpose
Pallippuram Fort was constructed in 1503 AD by the Portuguese as a military outpost to protect their spice trade routes along the Malabar Coast. The fort was strategically located to monitor the ships entering the Periyar River and defend against attacks from rival European powers like the Dutch and British.
Over time, the fort changed hands between various colonial powers, including the Dutch in 1661 and later the Travancore Kingdom, before becoming part of modern India.
Historical Significance
- Portuguese Era: Built by the Portuguese in 1503, it is the oldest surviving European fort in India.
- Dutch Occupation: The fort was captured by the Dutch in 1661, who used it as a base for military operations.
- Travancore Kingdom: In 1789, the fort was sold to the Travancore Kingdom by the Dutch.
- Current Status: Today, the fort is a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
Mythology Behind Pallippuram Fort
Though primarily a colonial fort, the region around Pallippuram is believed to have mythological significance. Local folklore suggests that sage Parashurama, who is credited with reclaiming land from the sea to form Kerala, blessed this region.
The nearby temples dedicated to Lord Vishnu and Goddess Bhagavathy also highlight the spiritual importance of the area.
Old Information and Current Status of Pallippuram Fort
Old Information:
- Built by: Portuguese in 1503
- Captured by: Dutch in 1661
- Later Ownership: Sold to Travancore Kingdom in 1789
- Used as: Military outpost and watchtower
Current Status:
Today, Pallippuram Fort is a popular tourist destination and a protected monument. The fort’s hexagonal structure and well-preserved walls make it a fascinating site for history buffs and photographers.
How to Go Trekking at Pallippuram Fort
While Pallippuram Fort is not a traditional trekking destination, exploring the fort walls and nearby areas offers a leisurely walk with historical insights.
Trekking Routes:
- Main Entrance Route: A pathway leading to the fort's main gate.
- Perimeter Walk: A walk along the fort’s walls, offering views of the surrounding areas.
Main Gates and Towers of Pallippuram Fort
Gates:
- Main Gate: The primary entrance to the fort.
- Secret Passage: Rumored to have a hidden underground tunnel used for escape.
Towers:
The fort’s watchtower was used to monitor enemy ships and protect the spice trade routes.
What to Do at Pallippuram Fort
- Explore the Fort’s Architecture: Admire the hexagonal structure and Portuguese-era architecture.
- Learn History: Visit the fort museum to learn about its colonial past.
- Visit Nearby Attractions: Explore the nearby temples, Vypin Beach, and Cherai Beach.
What Not to Do at Pallippuram Fort
- Do Not Litter: Keep the fort and surroundings clean.
- Avoid Climbing Unprotected Areas: For safety reasons, do not climb areas that are not open to tourists.
- Do Not Damage the Structures: Respect the heritage site by not scratching or defacing the fort walls.
What to Carry When Visiting Pallippuram Fort
- Comfortable Footwear: The fort requires walking on uneven paths.
- Water Bottles: Stay hydrated during your visit.
- Camera: Capture the picturesque views and historic landmarks.
- Sunscreen: Protect yourself from the sun.
- Snacks: Light snacks to enjoy during your visit.
How to Reach Pallippuram Fort
By Air:
The nearest airport is Cochin International Airport, located approximately 27 km from Pallippuram Fort.
By Train:
The nearest railway station is Ernakulam Railway Station, about 22 km away.
By Road:
Pallippuram Fort is well-connected by road, and you can reach it by bus, car, or taxi from Ernakulam and Vypin Island.
Best Time to Visit Pallippuram Fort
The best time to visit Pallippuram Fort is during the winter months (October to February) when the weather is pleasant. The monsoon season (June to September) adds a unique charm to the fort but can make the pathways slippery.
Nearby Attractions
- Vypin Beach: A serene beach located near the fort.
- Cherai Beach: One of the most popular beaches in Kerala.
- Goshree Bridge: Connects Vypin Island to Ernakulam city.